The
cold war began with mistrust between the Soviet Union and the
western democracies as early as the Russian Revolution. The
Soviet Union felt it had good cause to mistrust the west.
- In 1919
the former World War I allies of Britain, France and the
United States joined the "White Russians" to fight
off the Bolsheviks following the revolution. (For
more information see The American
Invasion of Russia). Although this intervention failed
and the Red Army of the Bolsheviks secured the power of
the new Soviet state, the young USSR government never quite
trusted the western democracies after that.
- The western
democracies did not invite the Soviet Union to participate
in the World War I peace talks or the League of Nations.
- The west
did not aid the Republicans fighting the fascists in the
Spanish Civil War.
- The west
did not invite the Soviets to the Munich Conference which
decided the fate of Czechoslovakia in the years leading
up to World War II, even though the Soviet Union had a security
pact with Czechoslovakia.
The west, for
its part, never trusted the Soviet Union:
- The avowed
purpose of the International Communist Party to secure world
wide communist revolution. There was a great fear of
socialism in Europe and America.
- The Soviets
negotiated an agreement with Hitler and annexed eastern
Poland.
- By the end
of the war Britain and the United States distrusted the
Soviet motives in eastern Europe.
This mutual
distrust was barely suppressed during World War II when for
practical reasons (the common enemy of Hitler's Germany) the
western allies and the Soviet Union became uneasy allies.
Stalin believed
that the western allies were dragging their feet in opening
up the "second front" in Europe, so necessary to
take the pressure off the struggling Soviet forces in the
east.
Stalin was
open about wanting "friendly governments" in Eastern
Europe to protect his country's western frontier from another
invasion like the invasion so recently experienced by Germany.
All
of this was in the air when Stalin, Churcill and Roosevelt
met at the end of World War II.
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